Dinamika Sosial-Ekonomi Masyarakat dalam Aktivitas Pertambangan Emas Skala Kecil: Studi Keberlanjutan di Desa Tambarana, Kabupaten Poso
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37481/sjr.v9i4.1776Keywords:
Artisanal and Small-Scale Gold Mining, Socio-Economic Sustainability, Livelihood Diversification, Employment Opportunities, Social StabilityAbstract
Artisanal and Small-Scale Gold Mining (ASGM) in Tambarana Village, Poso Regency, has expanded since late 2023, providing income and employment while raising concerns about livelihood insecurity, environmental degradation, and social tensions. This study examines the socio-economic sustainability of the local community by analyzing income and livelihood strategies, employment opportunities, social stability, and factors influencing sustainability. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed, involving 22 informants representing landowners, financiers, mine workers, village government officials, and non-mining community members. Informants were selected through purposive and snowball sampling. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, direct observation, and documentation, then analyzed through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that mining generates income and creates direct and indirect employment, but economic benefits are unevenly distributed and earnings remain uncertain. Many residents diversify their livelihoods to reduce dependence on mining, although their capacity to sustain alternative sources of income varies according to asset ownership and skills. Social relations have become polarized, with stronger solidarity among beneficiaries and tensions involving affected groups, particularly farmers and fishers. Overall, the community’s socio-economic conditions have improved in some respects but remain fragile. Sustainable livelihood strategies require stronger economic alternatives, protection for affected communities, and responsible management of mining activities.
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