ANALYSIS OF PROJECT TIME AND COST CONTROL WITH CPM, PERT AND CRASHING PROJECT METHODS IN SHOP BUILDING PROJECTS AT CV. MENTARI PERMAI

Delays in completing the Kelapa Dua shop-house construction project at CV. Mentari permai is a problem that often arises and affects the overall project work. The purpose of this research is to determine the critical path, calculate the costs incurred in the construction of the Kelapa Dua shop-house construction project with the duration of the initial and accelerated work and calculate the percentage of achievement of the shop construction project at CV. Mutia Enchantment of Nature. To overcome these delays, several control methods are used in project management. The methods used in this research are the Critical Path Method, PERT (Program Evaluation and Review Technique) and the Crashing Project. The results of the CPM planning method analysis obtained the project completion time for 91 days from the initial duration of 154 days. Whereas in reality the CPM method, the project completion time is 101 days from the initial duration of 167 days. In the PERT method, the project completion time is 107 days from a duration of 181 days with a probability of completion of 0.62%. And in the crashing project there is an acceleration of the completion duration for 9 days with an increase in costs of Rp.

CV. Mentari Permai is a company engaged in the field of General Contractor, Supplier and General Trading. So far, the company in determining the time and cost is only based on experience and not based on mathematical calculations. This often causes the development process to experience problems in the completion time which can affect the time and costs set by the company.
This study aims to analyze the project schedule using the PERT (Project Evaluation and Review Technique) and CPM (Critical Path Method) methods so that it can be known how long a project can be completed and look for possible acceleration of project implementation time. Crashing Project is carried out to see the amount of costs if project activities experience delays.

THEORETIC
The objective of project management according to that is to be able to carry out each project effectively and efficiently so as to provide maximum service to all customers.
In more detail, the objectives of project management ( Cha, et al., 2018;Hansen & Svejvig, 2022). On time, namely the time or schedule which is one of the main targets of the project, delays will result in losses (Do, Nguyen, Tran, & Aung, 2022;Rauzana & Dharma, 2022), such as additional costs, loss of opportunity for products to enter the market ; a) Right on budget (on budget), namely costs that must be incurred in accordance with a predetermined budget;, b) Precise specification (on specification) where the project must be in accordance with predetermined specifications.

Critical Path Method (CPM)
CPM is defined as a network analysis that seeks to optimize the total cost of a project by reducing or accelerating the total completion time of the project in question (Almatroushi, et al., 2020;Nahendra, et al., 2022). In calculating the determination of completion time, the following basic terminology is used (Banihashemi, et al., 2021): a) E (earliest event occurrence time), b) (latest event occurrence time), c) ES (earliest activity start time), d) EF (earliest activity finish time), e) LS (latest activity start time), f) LF (latest activity finish time), g) t (activity duration time). A project network diagram always begins with an event that indicates the start of the project and ends with an event that indicates the end of the project activity ( Pandiyan, et al., 2020). Each project can consist of several paths or paths from the initial event to the final even ( Dai, et al., 2020)t. Basically the network is a way of depicting project activities in the form of symbols ( Yu, et al., 2021).

Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT)
PERT or Program Evaluation and Review Technique is a method that aims to reduce as much as possible the delays or disruptions and production conflicts (Argiansyah, et al., 2021). Coordinating and synchronizing the various parts of the elements as a whole work accelerates the completion of the project (Izmailov, et al., 2016). In PERT, probability distribution is used based on three time estimates for each activity, namely pessimistic time, realistic time and optimistic time. Optimistic time is an estimate of time that has a very small possibility of being achieved. Pessimistic time is an estimate of another time that has a very small possibility of being realized (Suwarni, 2019). Realistic time is time based on estimator estimates ( Wen, et al., 2019;Sitanggang, et al., 2019). The steps in the PERT calculation are: a) Determine the estimated time of the activity, b) Determine the standard deviation, c) Determine the activity variance and d) Knowing the probability of reaching the target.

Crashing Project
The process of accelerating the time period is called Crashing Project (Natawidjana & Nurasiyah, 2020;Ruslan, 2019). The main objective of the program to speed up time is to shorten the schedule for completion of activities or projects with minimal cost increase. DoneCrashing Projecton every job that is on the critical path so it needs to be known before crashing. The several parameters that must be looked for to determine the acceleration of project time are as follows (McDonough III, 2000) a) Daily Productivity, b) Daily Productivity After Crash, c) Normal labor cost per hour = productivity per hour × unit price of worker wages;, d) Workers' overtime costs = (1.5 × normal hourly wages for the first overtime) + (2 × n × normal hourly wages for subsequent overtime hours);, e) crash costsworkers per day = normal cost per day + overtime costs for workers;, f) crash coststotal workers = crash cost of workers per day × crash duration

METHODS
This research is a qualitative research. In this study, the data used are data on project activities and dependency relationships between activities as well as data on activity time, project implementation schedule, project costs, estimated data on project workforce requirements, and other data related to research problems.
Data collection techniques in this study were observation and interviews. The observation method is a data collection method that is carried out by looking directly at the data collection carried out by CV. Mentari permai and look at the working environment, the project process, the equipment used and what raw materials are used in the project at CV. While the interview is holding a question and answer activity directly to the respondent. This method is carried out by conducting direct interviews with employees at the shop building project CV. Mentari permai on matters related to research such as how the project stages are carried out and what raw materials are used.

RESULTS
Before creating a network with the CPM method, a list of activities or work required in a project or process plan is required. For each activity, we need to know the predecessor activity (predecessor) and the activity that follows it (successor) and how long the activity takes.

Critical Path Method (CPM)
Based on table 1, a network diagram for a shop development project is depicted with the following planning time:  BI-BJ-BL-BN. It is these jobs that can be crashingbecause the critical path is an activity that affects the next activity. However, in this critical path there is a critical path that cannot be crashed because there is no additional overtime hours as in the DI-AB-AH-AP-AR-AV-BA-BJ-BN activities so that the path that can be crashed is ABCFHJNSTUVWXZ-AD -AM-AN-AQ-BB-BC-BD-BH-BI-BL.
The results of calculating daily productivity, hourly productivity, productivity after crash and crash duration with the addition of 3 hours of overtime work in full.
With the addition of working time, the cost for labor will increase from the normal cost of labor. In this calculation will be carried out with the addition of 3 hours on the critical path. The results of the calculations performed to determine The results of the calculation of Cost Slope costs (added direct costs to speed up an activity per unit of time) are as follows: